With the growing demand for metals of ever higher purity, the increasing use of unusual metals, and the necessity for treating ores of lower grade and greater complexity, solvent extraction has joined the ranks of other accepted recovery methods and. The concentration of ore is required and it is done by the froth flotation method. A process for extracting copper from a copper containing concentrate by comminuting the concentrate in the presence of a liquid dispersing agent which inhibits agglomeration and forms a pulp, and leaching the pulp in the presence of a silver catalyst. Mining industry 5 copper for nearly 5,000 years, copper was the only metal known to man. Modification of phenolic oximes for copper extraction. Chapter 6 copper production technology the last boomin technological innovation for the copper industry occurred in the first two decades of this century, whenopen pit mining, flo tation concentration,and the reverberatory smelter were adapted to porphyry copper ores. Pdf hydrometallurgical recovery of metal values from brass. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting copper from chalcopyrite or bornite. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extractionelectrowinning technology.
Hydrometallurgical treatments have more flexibility during the upscaling and control processes 23,24,25. Hydrometallurgical extraction of copper and cobalt from. Hydrometallurgical extraction and reclamation pdf hydrometallurgical extraction and reclamation has 1 available editions to buy at alibris. Hydrometallurgy the extraction of metals from ores, concentrates, and various waste products by means of aqueous solutions of chemical reagents with the subsequent separation out of the metals from these solutions. Unit 6 principles and processes of extraction of metals162. In recent years, the principle and theory behind solvent extraction has gained wide acceptance as one of the new tools of modern hydrometallurgy. Content introduction process stages leaching solution concentration and purification metal recovery hydrometallurgy versus pyrometallurgy conclusion references 2. How hydrometallurgy and the sxew process made copper the green metal.
Hydrometallurgical recovery of copper from leach liquor of. The process incorporates several novel steps to overcome the major problems associated with earlier chloridebased processes, including mild leaching conditions using ferric chloride as leachant and solvent extraction of copper usinga. Based on experimental results it was confirmed that maximum copper and zinc extraction 90 % and 85 % could be reached after 5 minutes at room temperature by using of acid concentration of 0. How copper is extracted, crushed, and sent to the two major processing methods. Copper solvent extraction was originally developed in the 1960s to recover copper from relatively dilute leach solutions, typically heap leach liquors with copper. The effect of hydrochloric acid concentration, extractant concentration and various salts on the extraction of copper was investigated. The most common ore of iron is called haematite ironiii oxide.
Very simply, it converts copper concentrates of varying composition into copper metal which has been proven to be equivalent in every way to electrolytic tough pitch copper suitable for electrical applications. Rapid technological development induces increase of generation of used electric and electronic equipment waste, causing a serious threat to the environment. Pyro and hydrometallurgical copper processing p3 youtube. Compared to conventional extraction methods such as froth flotation, smelting and refining, hydrometallurgical techniques are slower and generally reserved for low grade ores or mine wastes. Hydrometallurgical processes for the recovery of metals. Solvometallurgical process for extraction of copper from chalcopyrite. Extraction of copper at elevated feed concentrations sgs.
Hydrometallurgy involve the use of aqueous solutions for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials. Simple method for extracting gold from electrical and. The pyrometallurgical copper extraction from copper sulphides consists, traditionally, of the following basic steps. Rock is considered to be ore when enough copper minerals are present for mining. Extraction of iron in a blast furnace iron is also below carbon in the reactivity series, so therefore carbon can be used to reduce it note. Hydrometallurgy, extraction of metal from ore by preparing an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal and recovering the metal from the solution. The type of process suitable for waste electrical and electronic equipment weee needs to take into consideration, alongside economic aspects, multiple other factors. At an optimal energy consumption of 1,520 kw hjst, 95 pct of the copper was extracted. The hydrometallurgical extraction and recovery of high and iron and lead and tin into a furnace to electrolytic refining of copper, nickel, zinc. Inquire now pdf hydrometallurgical recovery of copper from leach. The copper solvent extraction produces acid in the aqueous phase, as shown in equation 1. The history of copper cementation on iron the worlds first. The original impetus for solution methods for copper extraction before the development of froth flotation technology was.
Hydrometallurgical processing of copper smelter dust for. Copper hydrometallurgy is a branch of metallurgy method to extract copper directly from those difficulttoconcentrate copper oxide ore. In low tenor copper solutions this is insignificant because the change in. Stages of hydrometallurgical processes supervisor dr. Jul 21, 2010 students carry out the extraction of copper from malachite using both reduction with charcoal and electrolysis of copper sulphate they make the copper sulphate first by reacting malachite with sulphuric acid. Hydrometallurgy the treatment of primary raw materials minerals or mineral concentrates or secondary raw materials endoflife products by aqueous solutions, in order to achieve the dissolution of the metals to be recovered solvent extraction in hydrometallurgy a purification or concentration unit operation. Hydrometallurgical article about hydrometallurgical by the. Hydrometallurgical production of copper from flotation. Design of coppercobalt hydrometallurgical circuits graeme. Hydrometallurgical treatment of a zinc concentrate by.
The hydrometallurgical extraction and recovery of link springer content pdf 10 1007 s1166301196240 pdf. Hydrometallurgy is a technique within the field of extractive metallurgy, the obtaining of metals from their ores. Generally, copper extraction follows the sequence see figure below. Extraction of copper from sufidic ores, either by pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy. By taking careful measurements, they can work out the yield produced by each method. Seliee thabane 11668 a dissertation submitted to the faculty of engineering and the built environment at the university of witwatersrand, johannesburg, in partfulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in.
Copper extraction refers to the methods used to obtain copper from its ores. Therefore, in the present study, five different acids, i. Pdf hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from ewaste. The feed aqueous solution to purify or concentrate is put in contact. Pdf solvent extraction in hydrometallurgical minproc pwr wroc pl journal pdf ppmp46 207218 pdf. Most nonconventional hydrometallurgical methods of the processing of complex sulfide ores are based on metals extraction from bulk flotation concentrates 2. This report summarizes the methodology, documents the data. Hydrometallurgical article about hydrometallurgical by. In conventional sx plants this will recover up to 98% of the copper still leaving 0. Hydrometallurgy refers to the application of aqueous solutions for metal recovery from ores, and has been practiced for copper recovery for many years. Extraction and separation of cuii in presence of feii and. The recovery of zinc, lead and copper by froth flotation, even as a relatively rich concentrate, presents today a rather routine problem. Solvent extraction in hydrometallurgical processing of polish copper concentrates 209 the polish copper ores exhibit very favourable mineralogical composition in terms. Significant work has been reported on the hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from pcbs 1,22,23.
The techniques for extraction of copper from oxidized ores are quite different from those employed for the sulfide ores. The silver ores are found along with gold ores in some parts of india. Park and fray indicated that using solvent extraction method toluene as extraction solution and tetraoctyl ammonium. Solvent extraction the process by which copper ions are leached or otherwise extracted from the raw ore using chemical agents. The extraction and recovery of metals from their ores by china nonstandard special material equipment industry hydrometallurgical. Faqs with regards to operating a cu er tankhouse above 400 am2 pdf. These downloadable pdf resources explore how copper can be extracted from oxide.
Extraction of iron in a blast furnace reduction haematite o. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extractionelectrowinning. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental regulations, and other factors. Us5223024a hydrometallurgical copper extraction process. Their flowsheet forthe treatment ofcopper zinc concentrates isshown infig. Extraction of silver by cyanide process and its uses. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite this page. Hydrometallurgical extraction of copper and cobalt from oxidised copper cobalt ore using ammonia solution. The upper layers of copper ore deposits are easily processed using hydrometallurgical leach technology, in tandem with solvent extraction and electrowinning to produce highpurity copper metal i. The flow chart shows you how copper is extracted from its ore and converted into pure metal. The acidity of the resulting acidic leach liquor is then reduced by affecting percolation leaching of. Copper recovery using leachsolvent extraction electrowinning technology.
The method applied to extraction of copper from mine water has been practiced in china since 1086 a. Hydrometallurgical extraction of platinum group metals from a lowgrade ore concentrate. Traditional copper hydrometallurgy process typically consists of atmospheric leaching, solvent extraction sx and electrowinning ew. The purpose of this present work is to study the extraction of copper from chloride medium using lix 973nslv in kerosene. Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from ewaste chapter 10 237 indium from lcd panels can be recovered by chelating resins with imino diacetic acid, or impregnated resins selective to indium. Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from large printed.
The demand for copper is due to its good strength and fatigue resistance, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, outstanding resistance to. Using add reply allows you to attach images or pdf files and provide a more complete input. Beneficiation by froth flotation of ore to give copper concentrate optional partial roasting to obtain oxidized material or calcines 2. Copper net transfer in organic phase at 30 vol % of reagent as a function of overall extraction oa ratio, raffinate, ph 0. Hydrometallurgy is the most suitable extractive technique for the extraction and purification of manganese as compared to all other techniques including biometallurgy and pyrometallurgical processes. Processing techniques that complement hydrometallurgy are pyrometallurgy, vapour metallurgy, and molten salt electrometallurgy. Design of copper hydrometallurgy plants for high grade ores. Electrokinetic applications in hydrometallurgical copper.
Copper sxew transfer of copper from strong leach solutions to cu ew solvent extraction with oximes preferred freeport pioneered direct ew sepon control of copper concentration in pls to produce low cu in raffinate for wash 25. The sxew process is a hydrometallurgical process since it operates at ambient temperatures and the copper is in either an aqueous environment or an organic environment during its processing until it is reduced to the metal. The operations usually involved are leaching, or dissolution of the metal or metal compound in water, commonly with additional agents. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Extraction of copper and zinc from rubber and silicone stoppers. In a previous work, the high pressure sulphuric acid leaching behaviour of a typical lateritic ore containing 106 gt scandium was studied and it was found that 80.
Hydrometallurgical techniques are quickly gaining acceptance as a reliable and cheap method for extracting copper from their ores. Pdf solvent extraction in hydrometallurgical processing of. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting copper. Simple method for extracting gold from electrical and electronic wastes using hydrometallurgical process mohammad aali dehchenari1, saeed hosseinpoor2, rahim aali3, nilowfar salighehdar iran4, mohsen mehdipour5 1bsc of mechanic engineering,young researchers and elite club, majlesi branch, islamic azad university, isfahan, iran 2instructor of civil engineering structure, department of. The solidified copper obtained has blistered appearance due to the evolution of so 2 and so it is called blister copper. Use add reply to replyparticipate in a topicdiscussion most frequent. Copper ore hydrometallurgy and pressure leachingcopper. Us3949051a hydrometallurgical process for extracting. Stages of hydrometallurgical processes linkedin slideshare. Drugs and other chemicals are often administered in the drinking water of laboratory animals, and bottles for this purpose usually have rubber stoppers.
How hydrometallurgy and the sxew process made copper the. Hydrometallurgical considerations in processing arsenicrich. The precipitation of copper on iron from natural solution is a classical example of a relatively ancient art which has been applied successfully for centuries to produce copper on a commercial scale. Hydrometallurgical extraction of platinum group metals. Recovery of metals from primary and secondary sources is carried out using hydro, pyro, and electrochemical processes. The oxidized ores, consisting of the silicates, carbonates and sulfates, are treated by several methods, all involving some form of leaching of the crushed ore with sulfuric acid to produce impure solutions of copper sulfate.
Argentite ag 2 s, copper silver glance, horn silver, ruby silver. The sxew process has provided the copper industry with a tool that makes the extraction of copper from its ores significantly more environmentally friendly than by the use of the conventional smelting process. The conversion of copper consists of a series of physical and electrochemical processes. Kordosky synopsis the concept of selectively extracting copper from a lowgrade dump leach solution followed by stripping the copper into an acid solution from which electrowon copper cathodes could. Feed acid concentrations in the range tested had a minor impact. How is feo removed during the extraction of copper. This pregnant leach solution is then retrieved for recovery at a solvent extraction and electrowinning sxew plant. The percentage of copper in the actual ore is too low for direct extraction of copper to be viable. The process incorporates several novel steps to overcome the major problems associated with earlier chloridebased processes, including mild leaching conditions using ferric chloride as leachant and solvent extraction of copper. After fire refining, the copper purity is around 99. Copper is mainly extracted from the sulphide ore cu 2 s by the selfreduction process.
Most of theunleached copper canbefloated from the residue and recycled. We use small cameras to follow the path of copper ore as it is processed into pure copper sheets. Extraction of copper mining, concentration, smelting. Hno 3, hcl, and h 2 so 4 solutions are often used as leaching agents in hydrometallurgical treatments. The waste copper smelter dust csd is a rich secondary resource for copper as shown by the chemical composition of the south african palabora coppers smelter plant csd that assayed 18. It can produce either copper cathode or copper sulphate crystal. Hydrometallurgy article about hydrometallurgy by the.
The cuprex metal extraction process produces cathodegrade copper using a hydrometallurgical process based on chloride leaching of sulfide ore concentrates. Copper mines are only set up where there is more than 5kg of copper per tonne of rock 0. Compared with pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgical extraction of metals from their ores is more attractive. Pdf potentially disappeared fraction of plant species. The extraction of cuii % e from synthetic leach liquor. The commonest ore used in the extraction of copper is chalcopyrite cufes 2 also known as copper pyrites and other such sulfides.
While the sxew process was adopted by the industry to take benefit from the sulfuric acid that the smelting process produced steps are. In the hydrometallurgical processing of manganese from its ore, the leach liquors often contain divalent ions such as iron, manganese, copper, nickel, cobalt and zinc along with other. Thebasicequations forthe dissolution reactions areasfollows. Metal values of copper, zinc and lead have been successfully recovered from brass melting slag by applying hydrometallurgical treatments. Hocking, in handbook of chemical technology and pollution control third edition, 2005. The processes employed for solu tion concentration and purification in the hydrometallurgical processing of include manganese precipitation, cementation, solvent extraction and ion exchange. Hydrometallurgical options to add value to copper projects. Twostage extraction and twostage stripping recovered 96 pct of the copper in an electrolyte suitable for copper electrowinning. Silver also occurs both in combined state as well as in free state. In recent years, most of the activities on the recovery of base and precious metals. A process for the extraction of copper from a copper ore or concentrate comprises first subjecting the ore or concentrate to agitation leaching at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of oxygen and water to obtain a resulting acidic leach liquor which contains dissolved copper. The pregnant liquor was clarified and tested for typical solvent extraction recovery of the copper. The successful development of the cyprus copper process has been an evolutionary series of events covering a time span of some seven years. It remains one of the most used and reused of all metals.